Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) has emerged as an essential framework for investigating the non-perturbative dynamics of strong interactions by discretising spacetime into a finite lattice. This ...

High-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in nuclear collisions centres on the behaviour of gluons and quarks under extreme conditions of temperature and density. When heavy nuclei collide at ...

Artist’s depiction of a proton’s interior. In quantum chromodynamics, the constituent quarks come in three “colors,” along with up and down “flavors.” Also shown are virtual quark-antiquark pairs and ...

Colliding gold nuclei at various energies enables scientists to investigate phases of nuclear matter and their possible co-existence at a critical point. Scientists are aiming to establish if a ...

In this work, the researchers theoretically explore how quantum materials can transition continuously from one ordered state to another, for example, from a magnetic phase to a phase with crystalline ...