A shark’s spine looks simple from the outside. Inside, however, it carries a carefully arranged network of mineral plates and branches.

"Shark Week," which kicks off this week, has captivated audiences for decades with stories of these powerful ocean predators.

From mice to giraffes, mammals are remarkable in that all but a handful of their 5000 species have exactly seven vertebrae in the neck. Among the few that deviate from this number are three-toed ...

The vertebral column’s most important physiologic function is protecting the spinal cord, which is the main avenue for communication between the brain and the rest of the body. The spinal cord is ...

The post-translational addition of phosphate groups to serine, threonine and tyrosine residues is a fundamental strategy for regulating protein activities in eukaryotes. Eukaryotic protein kinases—the ...