The collapse of Canada’s minor parties accounts for some of this local-level volatility. The left-wing New Democratic Party fell from 18% of the vote to 6%. The right-wing People’s Party dropped from 5% to 1%.

Pierre Poilievre’s Conservative Party saw pre-election polling momentum stall amid the trade war with the U.S. and Trump's "51st state" taunts.

The BBC's Economics editor Faisal Islam has been speaking to Mark Carney in his first international interview since his Liberal party won the general election in Canada.