Russia’s Caspian Sea Energy Strategy Russia’s energy strategy in the Caspian Sea is centered around leveraging its vast oil and gas reserves, strengthening regional partnerships, and securing long-term economic and geopolitical advantages. As one of the five littoral states bordering the Caspian (alongside Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, and Azerbaijan), Russia plays a dominant role in offshore exploration, infrastructure development, and regional energy cooperation. The Caspian serves as both a